Agriculture

Russian Agriculture
  Agriculture is a very important part of the Russian economy. It determines the state’s economic achievements, the national income, the supply of the population with foodstuffs and many industries with raw materials. Many types of agricultural enterprises constitute at present Russian agroindustrial complex: state farms, collective farms, cooperatives, joint-stock companies, agricultural firms, private farms, enterprises of food and processing industry, etc.
  Farms situated near big cities-where milk, vegetables, etc. are needed every day-are occupied in specialized farming, while mixed farming is more developed in the countryside. In the Russian Federation there are farms that specialize in arable farming, others are occupied in livestock-rearing, some are busy with horticulture and so on. Livestock-rearing farms are: dairy and meat-production farms, sheep, pig and poultry farms. There are farms breeding rabbits or fur-bearing animals.
  Specialization of an agricultural enterprise is based on a reasonable combination, of many factors. For example, the processing of vegetables and fruits on dairy-and-truck farms leaves waste products which can be fed to dairy cattle and the cattle gives farmyard manure for fertilization. Dairy farming, stock-raising and pig-breeding can be combined with the growing and processing of sugar-beet, potatoes, etc. A good sideline on grain farms is fattening cattle, pigs and poultry.
  Agricultural enterprises often combine agriculture with industrial production. The difference between work on farms and in industry is narrowing. Peasants’ education and culture are rising. Distinctions between town and countryside are being gradually obliterated. Russian farmers are working to ensure progress in all agricultural branches, to provide people with more foodstuffs and industries with more raw materials.
  Our mechanical engineering provides Russian agriculture with all necessary machinery. Electricity is applied in all branches of agriculture. Many scientists are  working on agricultural problems in the Russian Federation. Plant-and animal-breeders have high-yielding varieties and strains for different climatic zones, growth stimulants, necessary fungicides, insecticides and herbicides. Much work has been done on land reclamation (drainage, ravine detention, combating erosion) and irrigation.
  Crop growing and livestock breeding are the main branches in Russian agriculture. Grains and vegetables are major food crops. Many different varieties of industrial crops are cultivated in Russia too. Cattle-raising is the main branch of stock farming. Small cattle are raised on an extensive scale.
ВАРИАНТ 3  

1. Перепишите текст и переведите его письменно.
2. Перепишите 3 предложения 3-го абзаца; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык, напишите их в страдательном залоге.
3. Выпишите из текста предложение в настоящем продолженном времени. Подчеркните сказуемое, переведите это предложение. Напишите его в прошедшем продолженном времени и в будущем продолженном времени.
4. Найдите в тексте предложение с модальным глаголом, переведите предложение на русский язык. Напишите это предложение с эквивалентом модального глагола.
5. Выпишите из текста предложение, в котором употребляется причастие 1 настоящего времени действительного залога или причастие 2 прошедшего времени страдательного залога. Подчеркните причастие, установите его функцию, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложение на русский язык.
6. Выпишите из текста эквиваленты к словам и словосочетаниям: специализация, сельскохозяйственное предприятие, основываются, разумное сочетание, факторы, например, переработка овощей и фруктов.
7. Перепишите предложения, заполняя пропуски соответствующими данными по вашему хозяйству.
1. We have a...
2. It is a...
3. The farm is situated...
4. Our farm has...
5. It grows...
6. The main crops...
7. You can see...