вариант 2 railway electrification

Вариант 2
1.Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык,  обращая внимание на способы перевода инфинитива. Подчеркните инфинитив в английских предложениях.
1. For the electric current to flow an  electric conductor is needed.
2. The electric energy to drive train may be taken fr om the overhead wire.
3. In spite of a high initial cost of electrification it’s essential for the major trunk lines to be electrified.

2.Образуйте от данных глаголов две формы Participle I. Полученные причастия переведите на русский язык
Model: to read –    a) reading – читая, читающий;
                                   b) having read – прочитав
1) to offer; 2) to attend; 3) to bring; 4) to discover; 5) to find; 6) to do; 7) to say; 8) to obtain; 9) to deliver; 10) to shut; 11) to ring; 12) to light; 13) to reduce; 14) to depart; 15) to implement.
3.  Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle I . Подчеркните причастия I в английских предложениях и в переводе.
1. The locomotives hauling trains on mountainous railways usually operate on electric energy.
2.  Any material substituting copper must have the current-carrying capacity.
3.  While using the copper control system the number of motor cars is smaller than with conventional control system.  

4.  Образуйте Participle II от глаголов, данных в скобках. Полученные словосочетания переведите.
Model: a (to write) article – a written article – написанная статья.

1) a locomotive (to power) by electricity; 2) a (to delay) flight; 3) a (to break) engine; 4) a report (to type) in duplicate; 5) a (to carry out) plan; 6) a (to suspend) bridge; 7) a contract (to sign) by 2 companies; 8) mistakes (to make) in calculations; 9) the (to develop) countries; 10) railway tickets (to sell) yesterday.

5.  Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle II . Подчеркните причастия II в английских предложениях и в переводе.
1. The appliance received required some improvement.
2.  The amount of electricity generated depended on the quality of the coal.
3.  The economies obtained by the use of electric traction are in the financial-economics plan.
  
6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст
      Railway Electrification.
There are four chief attractions of electric haulage. One is  great rapidity of acceleration. The next advantage is that the electric locomotive is always ready for use and can remain in service for practically the whole of twenty-four hours continuously. Under electrification the maintenance and operation costs are relatively cheap. Another essential benefit to be obtained is the ability of electrics to haul very long and heavy trains for there is practically no lim it to the energy to be taken by the locomotive from the catenary. Besides of all the existing kinds of traction the electric haulage is the most promising as regards speeds.
The electric rolling stock is of two types: locomotive-hauled trains and multiple-unit trains. Thanks to their rapid acceleration multiple-unit trains are most suitable for suburban railways with their frequent stops and frequent services. As to electric locomotives they are mainly used to haul long-distance goods and passenger trains.